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since april nineteen ninety the Hubble

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Space Telescope has expanded our

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universe with its never-before-seen

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views Hubble's awe inspiring images have

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not only helped us to better understand

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our universe a redefine the way in which

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we see it however shortly after the

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telescope's deployment into space

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scientists discovered that the by stem

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booms supporting Hubble's solar arrays

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would periodically shake as a result of

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the extreme temperature changes that

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occurred in the space environment this

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movement would then jar the telescope

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resulting in misalignment with the

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telescope's target Goddard Space Flight

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Center the NASA Center managing the

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Hubble project contacted Glenn Research

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Center to help solve this problem

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because of Glenn's expertise and

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materials and environmental space

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durability Glenn was invited to

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participate in some of the Hubble

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problem solving issues because we had

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expertise in atomic oxygen and they

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needed some testing done and there

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wasn't anyplace else that they could go

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and we had a pretty strong track record

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of publications and activity in atomic

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oxygen testing and ultimately we did UV

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radiation testing as well

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the issue that the team Clinton Research

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Center addressed was the survivability

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of the thermal control material being

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used on the x stem of the solar array

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specifically the survivability to

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electron bombardment atomic oxygen

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exposure and vacuum ultraviolet

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radiation all environmental factors that

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can degrade material being based on our

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testing and our results that we found

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just using the base material own alumina

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mised Teflon was sufficient to perform

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the function unit the work that I did

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was to characterize the thermal shields

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that were durability tested and NASA

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Glenn and Goddard Space Flight Center

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and exposed to atomic oxygen UV

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radiation and thermal cycling I found

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that the coating that we were planning

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to use as the primary design was falling

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off or coming off in little pieces and

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this would have been a real problem for

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the telescope if that material had been

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used NASA Glenn had unique capabilities

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in that we had the ultraviolet the

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vacuum ultraviolet facility where we

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could expose the by stem materials for

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the servicing mission they wanted to

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take a look at the different coatings

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and see if they would if they would work

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or if the ultraviolet radiation would

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degrade those so we looked at those

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candidate materials in our ultraviolet

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facilities the work I did with the

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Hubble Space Telescope mission was to

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take ideas from the research team for

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developing materials to extend the

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lifetime of the hubble space craft and

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test these materials in a simulated

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environment that would accelerate the

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life testing of these materials and

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automate the facilities so that facility

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could actually run 24-7 onion

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the most challenging aspect of working

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on Hubble was meeting the aggressive

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schedule for example to prepare for

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servicing mission one we had less than a

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year significantly less than a year we

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had to do a major upgrade of our

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ultraviolet test facility by including

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heating lamps and we had never done that

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before and we needed to get the test rig

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to work we needed to take research data

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we need to analyze samples and return

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results back to Goddard to prepare for

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that mission after the second servicing

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mission they found large cracks in the

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outer layer of insulation on the Hubble

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Space Telescope and so God are put

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together a failure review board with

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some experts from across the country and

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they invited three members from NASA

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Glenn myself Bruce banks and Joyce dever

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so we were part of this Hubble failure

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review board and we did two different

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tasks primarily 12 was determined how

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damaged the material is on the telescope

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and to come up with a replacement

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material that they could take up during

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the next servicing mission I was brought

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in as part of the team to try to figure

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out why this had happened and how we

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could fix it my role was to look at some

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of the high-energy radiation to see what

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was going on so for instance that was

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that x-rays was a gamma rays was it

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ultraviolet I looked at all of those in

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simulating the the environment to try to

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figure out what we could do on earth

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that would give us the same kind of

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degradation that we were seeing the

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space what we found was that was

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actually a combination of things it was

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both a radiation and the thermal cycling

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heating up and cooling down but if you

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had either one by itself didn't have a

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lot of damage if you had the two

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together that's when the Teflon

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multi-layer insulation failed

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additionally as a result of the failure

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review board the team made

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recommendations for replacement material

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to be installed during servicing mission

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3a

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had the chance to analyze materials that

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were retrieved during that mission work

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we did was important because we were

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able to tell godart how damaged that mli

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insulation should be when the astronauts

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were going to go up and do an e VA and

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they use that information to develop the

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rules that govern what the astronauts

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dorant do during the EV a the issue

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address for servicing mission for was

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the brittleness of a quilted blanket it

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was on novel space telescope earlier it

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had gotten exposed the environment so

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there was appeared that when the

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astronauts were working on servicing

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mission for that the parts of the

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blanket would break apart and drift in

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front of the camera or get into the

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electronics so I was looked at the

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material on the ground and used some

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space environment projections to

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determine that the blanket would not be

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brutal for the source servicing mission

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people went away feeling pretty

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comfortable with the recommendation and

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it was very defendable to senior

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management because you considered every

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issue every person and all materials so

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there was there was a not much doubt in

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anyone's mind that we gave the best

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recommendation we could basically if you

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have the opportunity to work with

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anything for the Hubble Space Telescope

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you know you feel like you played a just

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a small part but it's it's just you know

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it's such an accomplishment for NASA it

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was a great experience for me I've taken

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a lot of way from that in my life sense

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away from NASA and but I have a lot of

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great memories and a lot of appreciation

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for all the people on the team and we

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remain close to this day I feel very

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fortunate to have worked on a mission

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that has had such a sweeping impact on

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our understanding of our solar system

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and the universe well working on Hubble

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is mean was just it's like what we do

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every day and so as we were doing it

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it's just kind of the same old you know

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what we do but every once in a while

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when you see the images from Hubble

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you're real

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is that you know gee I had a small part

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in the fact that Hubble was still